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    辅因子再生工程助力刺桐生物碱手性中间体的酶法合成

    Cofactor Regeneration Engineering Enables the Enzymatic Synthesis of Chiral Intermediates for Erythrina Alkaloids

    • 摘要: 为解决刺桐生物碱全合成中关键中间体C2位C-H键区域选择性氧化与C5位立体构型的精确控制,创新性地采用P450 BM3与SjAKR构建双酶接力氧化系统。然而,P450 BM3与SjAKR对辅因子NADPH和NADP+的不同需求形成酶法合成手性中间体的技术瓶颈。为实现双酶接力氧化系统的辅因子再生,本研究系统地评估了自循环、竞争式及独立式三种辅因子再生策略。结果表明,为两步酶促反应分别构建独立的辅因子再生系统最为高效,其中BstFDHG164M/A287G是驱动P450 BM3催化反应的最佳NADPH再生酶,而SmNOX是支撑SjAKR催化动力学拆分的最优NADP+再生酶。经过反应条件优化,进行了“一锅法”酶促反应,先通过P450 BM3/BstFDHG164M/A287G催化羟化反应,随后SjAKR/SmNOX完成酶促动力学拆分,最终分别以32%和28%的分离收率获得光学纯(2R, 5S)-3 (99% ee)和(5R)-4 (97% ee)。本研究通过辅因子再生工程实现了手性中间体高立体选择性合成,为刺桐生物碱的化学-酶法全合成提供了重要技术支撑。

       

      Abstract: To address the challenges of regioselective oxidation at the C2 position and precise control of stereochemistry at the C5 position in the total synthesis of Erythrina alkaloids, a relay oxidation system comprising P450 BM3 and SjAKR was constructed. However, the distinct cofactor requirements of P450 BM3 (for NADPH) and SjAKR (for NADP+) posed a bottleneck for the enzymatic synthesis of chiral intermediates. To achieve cofactor regeneration in this relay oxidation system, this study systematically evaluated three cofactor regeneration strategies: self-recycling, competitive, and independent formats. Results indicated that constructing independent cofactor regeneration systems for each enzymatic step was the most efficient approach. Among the enzymes tested, BstFDHG164M/A287G was identified as the optimal NADPH-regenerating enzyme for the P450 BM3 catalytic cycle, while SmNOX was the best NADP+-regenerating enzyme to support the kinetic resolution catalyzed by SjAKR. After optimizing the reaction conditions, a "one-pot" enzymatic reaction was performed. The process involved an initial hydroxylation catalyzed by the P450 BM3/BstFDHG164M/A287G system, followed by kinetic resolution via the SjAKR/SmNOX system. This strategy afforded the chiral intermediates (2R, 5S)-3 and (5R)-4 with isolated yields of 32% and 28%, and optical purities of 99% ee and 97% ee, respectively. Through systematic optimization of cofactor regeneration, this study achieved the efficient and highly selective synthesis of chiral intermediates, providing crucial technical support for the chemoenzymatic total synthesis of Erythrina alkaloids.

       

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