Abstract: Taking the oxy-fuel combustion glass furnace as the research object, a numerical simulation coupling model is established using the method of two-way thermal coupling between the flame space and the pool space. On this basis, the performance of the furnace is studied with the aim of improving heat transfer efficiency and extending service life. The orthogonal experimental method is used to optimize six factors, including oxygen content in the oxidizer (A), air preheating temperature (B), fuel mass flow rate (C), excess oxygen coefficient (D), the height of the nozzle from the glass liquid surface (E), and flue gas outlet area (F). The results indicate that the degree of influence of the selected factors, from high to low, is as follows: B>E>C>A>D>F. Ignoring the influence of secondary factors D and F, A_1B_3C_3E_1 level combinations are selected as the optimal operating conditions for simulation verification. Compared with the original operating conditions, the relative temperature difference at the crown has decreased by 18.8%, and the heat transfer efficiency has increased by 7.7%, showing a good optimization effect.