Abstract: By referring to the concentration of sugar and caffeine in bubble tea from popular brands on the market, combined with people's daily consumption habits, we used the median concentration of sugar and caffeine in bubble tea as the standard to gavage mice. The C57 BL/6J male mice were used to be fed with a normal diet or a high-sugar and high-fat diet to mimic humans’ dietary habit of drinking a cup of bubble tea every day. The body weight, blood glucose, blood lipids, inflammatory factors, and histological changes were measured after the treatments to study the effect of the sustainable intake of sucrose and caffeine on the physiological metabolism of mice. The results showed that in the bubble tea selected, the mass concentration of sugar ranged from 25 g/L to 135 g/L, and that of caffeine ranged from 190 mg/L to 853 mg/L. Comparing to the normal diet group, that supplemented with additional sucrose and caffeine resulted in an increased concentration of fasting blood glucose (FBG) from (4.27±0.06) mmol/L to (5.43±0.39) mmol/L, an increased concentration of serum tumor necrosis factor- α from (89.48±2.85) ng/L to (112.94±1.76) ng/L, an increased concentration of serum interleukin-6 from (49.31±3.23) ng/L to (65.44±4.70) ng/L, a decreased weight gain from (3.33±0.64) g to (2.45±0.51) g, and a decreased concentration of serum triglyceride from (0.88±0.29) mmol/L to (0.74±0.04) mmol/L. Comparing to the high-sugar and high-fat diet group, that supplemented with additional sucrose and caffeine resulted in a decreased weight gain from (8.38±1.42) g to (3.67±1.23) g, and a decreased concentration of serum triglyceride from (0.86±0.07) mmol/L to (0.71±0.06) mmol/L. Long-term intake of sucrose and caffeine can lead to a decrease in body weight and serum triglyceride, but an increase in the concentration of FBG and pro-inflammatory factors.