Influence of Common Surfactant Binary Composite System on Foam Ability
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摘要: 使用阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)、十二烷基硫酸钠(SLS)、N-月桂酰肌氨酸钠(NLSS)、十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)，两性离子表面活性剂椰油酰胺丙烯甜菜碱(CAB)，以及非离子表面活性剂脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(AEO)、吐温20(T20)进行二元表面活性剂的复配实验，表征其发泡性能并计算相应的表面活性参数，探究了二元表面活性剂复配的相互作用对发泡能力的影响。结果表明，阴离子与两性离子表面活性剂在复配过程中，物质的量之比接近1∶1时发生聚沉现象；拥有直链疏水基的表面活性剂与亲水基较大的非离子表面活性剂复配时会发生竞争吸附，削弱表面活性剂的发泡能力；拥有相似结构的阴离子表面活性剂复配时能够产生协同效应，SDBS和NLSS物质的量之比为7∶3时发泡能力最佳，对应的最高发泡倍数为14.0。发泡性能最好，二者相互作用参数βm=−9.83（
$x_{{\rm{SDBS}}}^{\rm{m}}$ ），协同效应最佳，吉布斯自由能为$\Delta G_{\rm{m}}^0$ =−13.60 kJ/mol，胶束形成为自发过程。Abstract: Anionic surfactant-sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), sodium N-lauroyl sarcosinate (NLSS), sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS), zwitterionic surfactant-cocoamide propylene betaine (CAB), and non-ionic surfactant-fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO), Tween 20 (T20) had been used for combination experiment in binary surfactant systems. Foam ability which defined by the ratio of foam volume and initial liquid volume had been characterized as well as the relevant surface activity parameters such as interaction parameter(βm), the mole fraction in micelle and surface, and the Gibbs free energy($\Delta G_{\rm{m}}^0$ ). Further exploration was performed to evaluate the effect of the interaction of the binary surfactant mixture on the foamability. The results showed that during the combination process of anionic and zwitterionic surfactants, coagulation occured when the molar concentration ratio closing to 1∶1. When the surfactant with linear hydrophobic group and the nonionic surface with larger hydrophilic group were mixed, competitive adsorption occured, which weakened the foam ability of the surfactant. Synergistic effects could be produced when anionic surfactants with similar structures were compounded. The mixture of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) and sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (NLSS) has the best foaming performance when the molar concentration ratio was 7:3, which had the best foam quality(Q=14.0). The interaction parameter was βm=−9.83 ($x_{{\rm{SDBS}}}^{{\rm{m}}} $ =0.4) calculated by the theory of synergy, which had a strong synergistic effect. The Gibbs free energy is ΔGm 0=−13.60 kJ/mol, proving that the formation of micelles was a spontaneous process.-
Key words:
- surfactant /
- synergistic effect /
- binary surfactant combination /
- foaming performance
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图 1 SLS的表面活性剂复配实验结果（298 K）
Figure 1. Experimental results of surfactant combination of SLS (298 K)
图 2 SDS的表面活性剂复配实验（298 K）
Figure 2. Experimental results of surfactant combination of SDS (298 K)
图 3 SDBS的表面活性剂复配实验（298 K）
Figure 3. Experimental results of surfactant combination of SDBS (298 K)
图 4 SDS−AEO复配表面活性剂竞争吸附验证曲线（298 K，c(AEO)=0.5 mmol/L）
Figure 4. Verification curve of competitive adsorption on SDS-AEO surfactant mixture (298 K，c(AEO)=0.5 mmol/L)
图 5 SDS-T20复配表面活性剂竞争吸附验证曲线（298 K，c(T20)=0.5 mmol/L）
Figure 5. Verification curves of competitive adsorption on SDS-T20 surfactant mixture (298 K，c(T20)=0.5 mmol/L)
图 6 不同总浓度的SDBS-NLSS复配表面活性剂的发泡倍数曲线（298 K）
Figure 6. Foam quality of SDBS-NLSS surfactant combination in different total concentration gradient (298 K)
图 7 不同总浓度的SDBS-NLSS复配表面活性剂的表面张力曲线（298 K）
Figure 7. Surface tension of SDBS-NLSS surfactant combination in different total concentration gradient (298 K)
图 8 不同物质的量之比的SDBS-NLSS复配表面活性剂的γ-c曲线（298 K）
Figure 8. γ-c curves of SDBS-NLSS surfactant combination with different mole concentration ratios
表 1 表面活性剂复配实验设计表
Table 1. Schemes of surfactant combination experiments
Substrate surfactant Compound surfactant Category Abbreviation SLS CAB Zwitterionic surfactant （SLSx-CABy）N NLSS Anionic surfactant （SLSx-NLSSy）N AEO Non-ionic surfactant （SLSx-AEOy）N T20 Non-ionic surfactant （SLSx-T20y）N SDS CAB Zwitterionic surfactant （SDSx-CABy）N NLSS Anionic surfactant （SDSx-NLSSy）N AEO Non-ionic surfactant （SDSx-AEOy）N T20 Non-ionic surfactant （SDSx-T20y）N SDBS CAB Zwitterionic surfactant （SDBSx-CABy）N NLSS Anionic surfactant （SDBSx-NLSSy）N AEO Non-ionic surfactant （SDBSx-AEOy）N T20 Non-ionic surfactant （SDBSx-T20y）N x, y—The mole ratio of surfactant in combination solution; N—The total concentration of combination solution 
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表 2 SDBS-NLSS复配表面活性剂体系的表面活性参数（298 K）
Table 2. Surface activity parameters of SDBS-NLSS surfactant mixture system (298 K)
xSDBS cCMC/
（10−3mol·L−1）γCMC/
（mN·m−2）xSDBSm βm $\Delta G_{\rm{m}}^0 $/
（kJ·mol−1）0 1.62 37.7 — — −11.78 0.3 3.75 34.5 0.42 −1.70 −13.25 0.4 4.13 35.2 0.26 −9.83 −13.60 0.5 5.63 34.9 0.33 −4.46 −12.83 0.6 4.36 33.7 0.61 −5.91 −13.47 0.7 3.39 28.1 0.72 −8.80 −14.09 1.0 2.57 25.4 — — −14.77
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