Recent Progress in Hydrogen Sensing Technology

Hydrogen, as a high-energy-density and clean energy carrier, is important for alleviating the shortage of traditional fossil fuels and environmental pollution. However, during the production, storage and transportation of hydrogen, it is prone to react with metals, inducing hydrogen embrittlement, which may lead to hydrogen leakage and safety accidents. Therefore, to ensure the safe application of hydrogen in various processes, there is an urgent need to achieve timely and accurate early warning of hydrogen leakage. The development of hydrogen sensors with high sensitivity, fast response, high selectivity, and excellent stability is key to ensuring the safety of hydrogen use. This paper summarizes the working principles, performance characteristics, and technical development of several common types of hydrogen sensors, systematically summarizes the advantages and problems of various sensors, and looks forward to the future development trends of hydrogen sensors. It focuses on the research progress of new sensitive materials and micro-nano manufacturing technologies in enhancing sensor performance, and puts forward insights into the development direction of intelligent and miniaturized hydrogen sensors.