Abstract:
Due to the high sintering temperature of BaTiO
3 based ceramics, only noble metal materials could be used as internal electrodes. Therefore, it was of great practical significance to reduce the sintering temperature of BaTiO
3 based ceramics to match with the base metal electrode materials with lower melting point. In this work, BaTiO
3 ceramics were sintered at low temperatures via co-doping with CuO, B
2O
3 and Li
2O. The phase composition, density and microstructure of the ceramics at different sintering temperatures were investigated. The results showed that co-doping of CuO, B
2O
3 and Li
2O could effectively reduce the sintering temperature of BaTiO
3 ceramics. Single tetragonal phase BaTiO
3 ceramics with high density of 5.75 g/cm
3 could be obtained after sintering at 950 ℃ for 2 h and the relative density was 95.6%, while higher sintering temperature led to the decrease of the density of the ceramics. The density of sample sintered at 1100 ℃ was only 5.23 g/cm
3 and the relative density was 86.9%. Meanwhile, the microstructure of BaTiO
3 ceramics changed obviously with the increase of sintering temperature, the grains grew rapidly. The low eutectic phase and solid solution reaction during 0.7%CuO-1.5%B
2O
3-0.3%Li
2O (BCL) co-doping were the main reasons for decreasing sintering temperature.