Abstract: In this paper the procedure and the result of analysing the coal liquid which was formed in short Contact time liquefaction by fluorescence spectroscopy were described. The identification was based on fluorescence wave-lengths of the components in the coal liquid. The coal liquid was processed by sequential elution with 9 kinds of solvents in silica gel column. Nine fractions of coal liquid were obtained for further study. Twenty five components were identified in the fractions. Twenty eight components in coal tar were identified by the same method to compare with those in the coal liquid. One of the fractions (chloroform as eluent) of the coal liquid was analysed by HPLC to check the result from fluorescence spectroscopy.