Abstract: An advanced pulping technology which use aqueous ammonia added a little potash as cooking liquor on rice straw and wheat straw was studie d in the paper.The effects of the composition of cooking liquor,liquor to soli d ratio,the maximum temperature of cooking, time to maximum temperature and time at maximum temperature on cooking were discusse d systematically by experiment, and the optimum technological conditions were de termined. The results indicate that the rate of delignification of two raw mater ials were approximately 85%. The screen yield of rice straw was 38.12% and unscr e ened of wheat straw was 49.65% in the pulping process. The structural changes of lignin were detected by IR. Advantages of NH 4OH KOH pulping were discussed a nd utilization prospect of ammoniacal black liquor for agricultural resources wa s forecasted.