超(近)临界水中无机盐的脱除
Precipitation of Salt in Near- and Super-Critical Water
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摘要: 无机盐在超(近)临界水中的溶解度极低,这为超临界水脱盐的研究提供了理论依据。根据溶液浓度与电导率的函数关系,在自制小型反应器中,考察了不同超(近)临界状态下NaCl溶液的盐析行为,同时分析了温度和压力对于脱盐效果的影响。实验结果表明:高温低压的反应条件有利于无机盐的脱除,当压力为23.1 MPa、温度为673 K时,得到的NaCl水溶液的质量分数为7.4×10-5;在水的临界点附近NaCl的溶解度变化极为剧烈,在23.1 MPa的压力下,从643 K升温到663 K,NaCl水溶液的浓度降低了30倍。Abstract: The solubility of the inorganic salt is quite low in near-and super-critical water,and this makes desalinization in supercritical water possible.By the use of the relation between the concentration and electric conductivity of the solution,desalination of sodium chloride in a self-made small reactor at different(supercritical) conditions is studied and the influences of the pressure and temperature on desalinization is(investigated.) Experiments show that increasing the temperature and lowering the pressure...