Abstract: The Shengli residue was separated into four fractions by column chromatography and the concentration of calcium in every fraction was determined. At the same time the nickel concentration in every fraction was determined too. A comparison of the distribution characteristics in fractions between calcium and nickel compounds was made. Some chemical aspects are showed through ion exchange, extraction in acid solution, extraction by ethanol and IR spectrum. The results show that the characteristics of calcium and nickel are quite different. Most of calcium compounds enrich in resin and were adsorbed in alumina firmly, so that it is difficult to be washed off. But almost all of nickel compounds could be washed off at the same condition. The rest calcium compounds are distributed in aromatics, asphaltene and benzene insoluble material and the rest of nickel compounds are distributed in aromatics and asphaltene. The possible calcium compound is carboxyl calcium. The ion exchange and extraction results show that the content of calcium ion or calcium compounds easy to ionize is less than thirty percent. Little calcium compounds is strong polar with small molecular weight.