Abstract: Spodumene is one of the exploited and utilized lithium resources in the world, which is often associated with feldspar, quartz and other minerals. There are a lot of silicon resources in spodumene, so it is of great value to synthetically utilize the silicon resources in spodumene. The spodumene ore from Jiangxi Province was used as raw material, while the NaOH solution was applied as reactant. The leaching behaviors of Si, Li, Al from spodumene ore were studied. The influences of different parameters, including leaching time, stirring speed, leaching temperature, alkali-to-ore mass ratio and NaOH mass fraction on the leaching rates of Si, Li, Al were investigated. The mineralogical structure and microstructures of spodumene ore and concentrate were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyzer and scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the desilication leaching process was analyzed as well. Central composite design(CCD), a kind of response surface methodology, was employed to investigate the effects of leaching time, leaching temperature, alkali-to-ore mass ratio and NaOH mass fraction on the leaching rates of Si and Li. The optimal leaching conditions were thereby obtained as following: leaching time 3.7 h, leaching temperature 215 ℃, alkali-to-ore mass ratio 1.15, NaOH mass fraction 16%. Under the conditions, the optimal predicted values were: leaching rate of Si 74.55%, leaching rate of Li 3.31%, while the corresponding experimental results were 73.41% and 3.33%, respectively. The errors between the predicted and experimental values were ignorable, which indicated that the established models could analyse and predict the desilication process in alkaline leaching of low-grade spodumene ore accurately and reliably.