Abstract: In this paper, the fast ion transport is studied during neutral beam injection (NBI) on the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak (EAST), and its influence on background plasma effective thermal transport is also investigated. By using the NUBEAM and TRANSP code to simulate the EAST discharge, we found that the fast-ion transport is anomalous when the minimum safety factor (q_min) is about 2, but it is neo-classical when q_min is around 1. Alfvén continuum spectrum and the mode structures of TAEs (toroidal Alfvén-eigenmode) are also calculated for comparison between neo-classical fast-ion transport and anomalous fast-ion transport. High q_min discharge with anomalous fast-ion transport has more AE (Alfvén-eigenmode) activity than that of lower q_min discharge with neo-classical fast-ion transport. Furthermore, NBI heating efficiency, plasma stored energy and the total heating power are decreased when the fast ion transport is anomalous. The fast-ion diffusion coefficient and the electron temperature have the opposite influence on the plasma effective thermal transport coefficient. The plasma effective thermal transport coefficient is larger when the fast-ion diffusion coefficient is bigger, while it is smaller when the electron temperature is bigger. This investigation is helpful to understand the mechanism of the fast-ion anomalous transport during NBI in EAST and to provide guidance for future experiments.